PanArab

This is the genius who said China is next after Russia then wonders why China isn't helping the EU against Russia.

Inshallah

The طريق الهدا connects Makkah to Taif and is also used to bypass Makkah from the south.

Look it up. I've only driven through it a few times.

There is another طريق السيل الكبير which bypasses Makkah from the north it is flatter but still narrow and bendy and packed with trucks.

The road you posted I bet is somewhere in Najd, the topography looks nothing like the mountains of Hijaz.

There's no rail lines west of Riyadh except a passanger HSR connecting Makkah to Medina. Though gondolas could be an option, maybe...

It is still a long drive, and the narrow twisty mountain roads as well as restrictions to non-Muslims around Makkah limit the capacity.

It never was. Since antiquity it had various Semitic people with Akkadian and Aramaic influences surviving in the spoken dialect of the Shia majority, the Sunni minority speak a different Arabic dialect. Before Islam it was predominately Christian.

That said, the current Sunni monarchy conquered Bahrain in the 18th century. The majority are Shia Arab who are very sympathetic to Iran and don't like hosting US troops. The last indigenous Shia rulers of Bahrain ruled on behalf of Iran.

Talk is cheap. There has got to be something more substantial China can do.

Rojava was bad to Assyrians and helped the US steal Syrian oil. Not sure what anarchists ever saw in them.

If they can grow grapes in Tunisia, Egypt and Saudi Arabia they can grow them in Italy.

Racist hypocrites. Nothing surprising about it.

Inshallah. Any of the 3 would be an upgrade.

Peter Thiel grew up during apartheid and defended it. That's all you need to know about him to make an informed judgement.

My sympathies to the comrades harmed by this, but otherwise Europe's and Japan's dominant position in many industries is ill gotten.

But have you considered "China bad"?